Body
U.S. Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration
NARCOTICS
HEROIN
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: Diamorphine, Horse, Smack, Black tar, Chiva, Negra (black tar)
- Medical Uses: None in U.S., Analgesic, Antitussive
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-4
- Usual Method: Injected, snorted, smoked
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
MORPHINE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: MS-Contin, Roxanol, Oramorph SR, MSIR
- Medical Uses: Analgesic
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-12
- Usual Method: Oral, injected
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
HYDROCODONE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II, Product III, V
- Trade or Other Names: Hydrocodone w/ Acetaminophen, Vicodin, Vicoprofen, Tussionex, Lortab
- Medical Uses: Analgesic, Antitussive
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-6
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
HYDRO-MORPHONE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: Dilaudid
- Medical Uses: Analgesic
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-4
- Usual Method: Oral, injected
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
OXYCODONE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: Roxicet, Oxycodone w/ Acetaminophen, OxyContin, Endocet, Percocet, Percodan
- Medical Uses: Analgesic
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-12
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
CODEINE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II, Products III, V
- Trade or Other Names: Acetaminophen, Guaifenesin or Promethazine w/Codeine, Fiorinal, Fioricet or Tylenol w/Codeine
- Medical Uses: Analgesic, Antitussive
- Dependence
- Physical: Moderate
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-4
- Usual Method: Oral, injected
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
OTHER NARCOTICS
- CSA Schedules: Substance II, III, IV
- Trade or Other Names: Fentanyl, Demerol, Methadone, Darvon, Stadol, Talwin, Paregoric, Buprenex
- Medical Uses: Analgesic, Antidiarrheal, Antitussive
- Dependence
- Physical: High-Low
- Psychological: High-Low
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): Variable
- Usual Method: Oral, injected, snorted, smoked
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea
- Effects of Overdose: Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating
DEPRESSANTS
GAMMA HYDROXBUTYRIC ACID
- CSA Schedules: Substance I, Product III
- Trade or Other Names: GHB, Liquid Ecstasy, Liquid X, Sodium Oxybate, Xyrem®
- Medical Uses: None in U.S., Anesthetic
- Dependence
- Physical: Moderate
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 3-6
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol, impaired memory of events, interacts with alcohol
- Effects of Overdose: Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death
BENZODIAZEPINES
- CSA Schedules: Substance IV
- Trade or Other Names: Valium, Xanax, Halcion, Ativan, Restoril, Rohypnol (Roofies, R-2), Klonopin
- Medical Uses: Antianxiety, Sedative, Anticonvulsant, Hypnotic, Muscle Relaxant
- Dependence
- Physical: Moderate
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 1-8
- Usual Method: Oral, injected
- Possible Effects: Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol, impaired memory of events, interacts with alcohol
- Effects of Overdose: Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death
OTHER DEPRESSANTS
- CSA Schedules: Substance I, II, III, IV
- Trade or Other Names: Ambien, Sonata, Meprobamate, Chloral Hydrate, Barbiturates, Methaqualone (Quaalude)
- Medical Uses: Antianxiety, Sedative, Hypnotic
- Dependence
- Physical: Moderate
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-6
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol, impaired memory of events, interacts with alcohol
- Effects of Overdose: Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death
STIMULANTS
COCAINE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: Coke, Flake, Snow, Crack, Coca, Blanca, Perico, Nieve, Soda
- Medical Uses: Local anesthetic
- Dependence
- Physical: Possible
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 1-2
- Usual Method: Snorted, smoked, injected
- Possible Effects: Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate & blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite
- Effects of Overdose: Agitation, increased body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation
AMPHETAMINE/METH-AMPHETAMINE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: Crank, Ice, Cristal, Krystal Meth, Speed, Adderall, Dexedrine, Desoxyn
- Medical Uses: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy, weight control
- Dependence
- Physical: Possible
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Oral, injected, smoked
- Possible Effects: Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate & blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite
- Effects of Overdose: Agitation, increased body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation
METHYLPHENIDATE
- CSA Schedules: Substance II
- Trade or Other Names: Ritalin (Illy's), Concerta, Focalin, Metadate
- Medical Uses: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- Dependence
- Physical: Possible
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Oral, injected, snorted, smoked
- Possible Effects: Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate & blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite
- Effects of Overdose: Agitation, increased body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation
OTHER STIMULANTS
- CSA Schedules: Substance III, IV
- Trade or Other Names: Adipex P, Ionamin, Prelu-2, Didrex, Provigil
- Medical Uses: Vasoconstriction
- Dependence
- Physical: Possible
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate & blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite
- Effects of Overdose: Agitation, increased body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation
HALLUCINOGENS
MDMA AND ANALOGS
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: (Ecstasy, XTC, Adam), MDA (Love Drug), MDEA (Eve), MBDB
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: None
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 4-6
- Usual Method: Oral, snorted, smoked
- Possible Effects: Heightened senses, teeth grinding and dehydration
- Effects of Overdose: Increased body temperature, electrolyte imbalance, cardiac arrest
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Muscle aches, drowsiness, depression, acne
LSD
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: Acid, Microdot, Sunshine, Boomers
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: None
- Psychological: Unknown
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 8-12
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Illusions and hallucinations, altered perception of time and distance
- Effects of Overdose: (LSD) Longer, more intense "trip" episodes
- Withdrawal Syndrome: None
PHENCYCLIDINE AND ANALOGS
- CSA Schedules: Substance I, II, III
- Trade or Other Names: PCP, Angel Dust, Hog, Loveboat, Ketamine (Special K), PCE, PCPy, TCP
- Medical Uses: Anesthetic (Ketamine)
- Dependence
- Physical: Possible
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 1-12
- Usual Method: Smoked, oral, injected, snorted
- Possible Effects: Illusions and hallucinations, altered perception of time and distance
- Effects of Overdose: Unable to direct movement, feel pain, or remember
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Drug seeking behavior *Not regulated
OTHER HALLUCINOGENS
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: Psilocybe mushrooms, Mescaline, Peyote Cactus, Ayahausca, DMT, Dextromethorphan* (DXM)
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: None
- Psychological: None
- Tolerance: Possible
- Duration (Hours): 4-8
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Illusions and hallucinations, altered perception of time and distance
- Effects of Overdose: Unable to direct movement, feel pain, or remember
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Drug seeking behavior *Not regulated
CANNABIS
MARIJUANA
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: Pot, Grass, Sinsemilla, Blunts, Mota, Yerba, Grifa
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Smoked, oral
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disorientation
- Effects of Overdose: Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Occasional reports of insomnia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite
TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
- CSA Schedules: Substance I, Product III
- Trade or Other Names: THC, Marinol
- Medical Uses: Antinauseant, Appetite stimulant
- Dependence
- Physical: Yes
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Smoked, oral
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disorientation
- Effects of Overdose: Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Occasional reports of insomnia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite
HASHISH AND HASHISH OIL
- CSA Schedules: Substance I
- Trade or Other Names: Hash, Hash oil
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Moderate
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 2-4
- Usual Method: Smoked, oral
- Possible Effects: Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disorientation
- Effects of Overdose: Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Occasional reports of insomnia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite
ANABOLIC STEROIDS
TESTOSTERONE
- CSA Schedules: Substance III
- Trade or Other Names: Depo Testosterone, Sustanon, Sten, Cypt
- Medical Uses: Hypogonadism
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Unknown
- Tolerance: Unknown
- Duration (Hours): 14-28 days
- Usual Method: Injected
- Possible Effects: Virilization, edema, testicular atrophy, gynecomastia, acne, aggressive behavior
- Effects of Overdose: Unknown
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Possible depression
OTHER ANABOLIC STEROIDS
- CSA Schedules: Substance III
- Trade or Other Names: Parabolan, Winstrol, Equipose, Anadrol, Dianabol, Primabolin-Depo, DBall
- Medical Uses: Anemia, Breast cancer
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Yes
- Tolerance: Unknown
- Duration (Hours): Variable
- Usual Method: Oral, injected
- Possible Effects: Virilization, edema, testicular atrophy, gynecomastia, acne, aggressive behavior
- Effects of Overdose: Unknown
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Possible depression
INHALANTS
AMYL AND BUTYL NITRATES
- Trade or Other Names: Pearls, Poppers, Rush, Locker Room
- Medical Uses: Angina (Amyl)
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Unknown
- Tolerance: No
- Duration (Hours): 1
- Usual Method: Inhaled
- Possible Effects: Flushing, hypotension, headache
- Effects of Overdose: Methemoglobinemia
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Agitation
NITROUS OXIDE
- Trade or Other Names: Laughing gas, balloons, Whippets
- Medical Uses: Anesthetic
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: Low
- Tolerance: No
- Duration (Hours): 0.5
- Usual Method: Inhaled
- Possible Effects: Impaired memory, slurred speech, drunken behavior, slow onset vitamin deficiency, organ damage
- Effects of Overdose: Vomiting, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Trembling, anxiety, insomnia, vitamin deficiency, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions
OTHER INHALANTS
- Trade or Other Names: Adhesives, spray paint, hair spray, dry cleaning fluid, spot remover, lighter fluid
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: Unknown
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: No
- Duration (Hours): 0.5-2
- Usual Method: Inhaled
- Possible Effects: Impaired memory, slurred speech, drunken behavior, slow onset vitamin deficiency, organ damage
- Effects of Overdose: Vomiting, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Trembling, anxiety, insomnia, vitamin deficiency, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions
ALCOHOL
- Trade or Other Names: Beer, wine, liquor
- Medical Uses: None
- Dependence
- Physical: High
- Psychological: High
- Tolerance: Yes
- Duration (Hours): 1-3
- Usual Method: Oral
- Possible Effects: Impaired memory, slurred speech, drunken behavior, slow onset vitamin deficiency, organ damage
- Effects of Overdose: Vomiting, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness, possible death
- Withdrawal Syndrome: Trembling, anxiety, insomnia, vitamin deficiency, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions